On July 9, Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed groundbreaking findings from the Chang’e 6 samples - marking the first discovery that basalt samples from the lunar far side originate from an ultra-depleted mantle source. This suggests a highly depleted primordial mantle probably owing to the substantial melt extraction caused from large-scale impact events. The large-scale impact events may profoundly influence the evolution of the lunar deep interior. The breakthrough provides unprecedented insights into the evolutionary history of the deep mantle beneath the lunar far side, with the related research paper published in the Nature journal.