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The reform of the land-use system and the introduction of market mechanism have effectively promoted the optimized allocation of land resources.
Over the past 60 years, generations of outstanding geologists represented by Li Siguang took pride in devoting themselves to geological work, working diligently, discovering minerals and making contributions, turning China from a country knowing little about its own mineral resources into one of the world's biggest sources of minerals.
In 1949, China had only two kinds of minerals with proven reserves, 300 mines and 120,000-ton annual crude oil output. At present, there are 171 kinds of minerals in our country, including 159 kinds with proven reserves. China's minerals are distributed to more than 20,000 places, and the proven reserves of lead-zinc, tungsten, tin, antimony, rare-earth, magnesite, plaster, graphite and barite rank first in the world. The proven reserves of China's minerals account for a large proportion of the world's total, with the total amount of exploited minerals ranking second. China has become a major source of minerals.
At present, 90 percent of China's primary energy, 80 percent of its industrial raw materials, 70 percent of its agricultural production material, 30 percent of its industrial water and water consumed by households come from mineral resources. There are over 10,000 large and medium-sized mines, over 110,000 small-sized mines in more than 300 mining cities including Daqing, Panzhihua, Pingdingshan, Jingchang, Baiyin and Jiayuguan across China.
During the 30 years of reform and opening-up, environmental geology science has expanded its service targets into multiple sectors, becoming an important driving force behind state construction and social progress.
In 2008, China's primary energy resources output reached 2.6 billion-tons of standard coal, 109.5 times higher than that of 1949, and ranking first in the world.
Over the past 60 years, a coal-based, electricity-centered energy supply pattern in which the balanced development of petroleum, natural gases and renewable energy resources that was implemented has basically taken shape. China can produce 90 percent of the energy it needs.
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