The 24th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the Kazakh capital of Astana served as an important international forum for dialogue and cooperation. However, it has drawn a predictable negative response from the Western media, which is trying to project the summit as another bid by China and its allies to establish a counterweight to Western dominance. This portrayal, steeped in skepticism, reflects the deep-seated anxieties about a shifting world order away from the established Western-centric paradigm.
For years, Western analyses and political discourse have centered on a singular question: Is the SCO a threat? However, the truth may be simpler than it appears. The short answer is: No.
The SCO is not a challenge but rather a different kind of international organization. Understanding the SCO requires recognizing its unique approach and objectives, which differ from Western norms. Rather than a challenger, the SCO represents a distinct model of regional cooperation. In a rapidly evolving geopolitical landscape, appreciating these differences is crucial for fostering mutual understanding and coexistence.
As a uniquely Eurasia-centric institution designed to address the region's specific needs, the SCO charter emphasizes goals such as strengthening mutual trust, friendship and good neighborliness between member states, while jointly ensuring regional peace, security and stability.
Founded in 2001, the SCO serves as a crucial platform for dialogue and cooperation among its member states. Originally emerging from the Shanghai Five mechanism, which was established in 1996 by China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan, the SCO formally took shape on June 15, 2001, when these nations, along with Uzbekistan, convened in Shanghai to enhance political and economic cooperation.
At its first summit in 2001, the organization adopted the Shanghai Convention on Combating Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism, making the fight against these threats a fundamental mission. This proactive stance predated the West's heightened concern over such issues, showcasing the SCO's foresight and regional commitment.
The SCO's approach, emphasizing cooperation and mutual security within Eurasia, reflects its purpose-built nature, responding effectively to the evolving geopolitical landscape and standing as a testament to a different model of international relations, one that values cooperation over confrontation.
Rooted in the "Shanghai Spirit" of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for cultural diversity and the pursuit of common development, the SCO resonates with countries wary of the divisive mindset of "if you are not with us, you are against us". This inclusive approach has kept the SCO's doors open to new players beyond the Asia-Pacific region.
The SCO's guiding "Shanghai Spirit" offers a compelling alternative to the often dictatorial tendencies of global institutions. Its focus on cooperation for growth is not just rhetorical; it translates into real-world priorities like countering terrorism, separatism and extremism. Unlike other entities that attempt to impose so-called democracy through force, the SCO respects the centuries-old political cultures and development paths of its members, demanding that these be respected by other geopolitical players.
Even its critics acknowledge the stabilizing influence the SCO exerts in the Asian region. The organization's commitment to a safe environment as the foundation for economic development underscores its holistic approach to regional security and prosperity.
The SCO's model of integration and cooperation continues to offer a beacon of stability in a tumultuous world. Central to this vast territory is the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative, fostering cooperation across numerous sectors. Ambitious projects such as the Polar Silk Road and joint Arctic explorations are being developed to enhance connectivity between Asia and Europe.
In recent years, the SCO has significantly expanded its influence by incorporating major global players like India, Pakistan, Iran and Belarus. The rising international status of this extended SCO family is evidenced by the increasing number of applications from Arab world and developing countries eager to join.
The SCO's strong internal cohesion and development momentum position it well to address global risks. The cooperative approach enhances the SCO's ability to resolve hot spot issues and contributes to global stability.
The member states are expected to harness the momentum from the Astana summit to further enhance their collaborative efforts. This involves aligning their development strategies and strengthening policy coordination. By deepening mutually beneficial cooperation in key areas such as trade, transportation, energy, agriculture, science and technology, education and culture, the SCO can significantly boost its regional impact.
China, assuming the rotating presidency of the SCO for 2024-25, has expressed its commitment to working with all member states to uphold the "Shanghai Spirit". China is seeking to drive high-quality development within the SCO, fostering a closer community with a shared future. This approach is intended to bring tangible benefits to the people of the region, contributing to lasting peace and shared prosperity on a global scale.
The upcoming presidency marks a pivotal moment for the SCO, as it looks to reinforce its role as a platform for regional cooperation and sustainable development. By strengthening policy alignment and fostering deeper ties, the SCO can ensure a more integrated and prosperous future for its member states and beyond. As it moves forward, the focus on building strong, sustainable partnerships can address common challenges and promote stability. The collective efforts of SCO member states can create a more integrated, prosperous and peaceful Eurasia.
The author is an international affairs commentator and freelancer based in Karachi, Pakistan.
